An overview of crisis intervention techniques in a critical Incident will be taught. Participants will understand the nature of Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) as specialized training. Participants will understand the elements of CISM and the differences between demobilizations, crisis management briefings, defusings, and debriefings. Participants will understand the psychological distress in response to critical incident such as mass disasters, traumatic events, or terrorist attacks and the strong argument for proving acute psychological first-aid as early as is practical following a traumatic event. Signs and symptoms of stress and Posttraumatic stress (PTS) vs. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, as a pathologic variant will be explored. Basic communication techniques of crisis intervention in a critical incident will be taught. Stress management techniques will be taught.
Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)
a-Events that create significant human distress.
b-The psychological distress in response to critical incidents such as mass disasters, traumatic events or terrorist attacks.
c-Psychological first aid.
d-A comprehensive integrated, multi-component continuum approach to crisis intervention
II-Crisis Intervention Timeline
a-Incident
b-Crisis Intervention modality
c-Referral
III-What is Psychological Crises?
a-An acute response to a trauma, disaster, or other critical incident.
IV-Elements of CISM
a-Pre-incident education preparation
b-Demobilizations (defined)
c-Crisis Management Briefings
d-Defusings ( small groups)
e-Critical incident Stress Debriefing (CISD; small groups)
f-One-on-one crisis intervention
g-Family CISM
h-Organizaitonal/Community intervention, consultation
i-Pastoral crisis intervention
j-Follow-up and referral for continued care.
V-The need for CISM
1-Eighty percent of Americans will be exposed to a traumatic event
2-Nine percent may develop PTSD
3-Discussion of the reasons for providing acute psychological first-aid as early as is practical following a traumatic event.
VI-Individual Intervention
a-Most crisis intervention is done individually, one-on-one, either face-to-face or telephonically
VII- Techniques of Active Listening
a-Open vs. Closed-Ended Questions
b-Cognitive Reframing Techniques
c-Non-Verbal Communication
VIII-Risk factors for Suicide
IX-The Grief Process
a-The stages-Denial-Anger-Bargaining-Acceptance
b-Crisis Intervention CISM Techniques
X-PTSD
a-What is PTSD?